解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Balance between excitation and inhibition (E-I balance) in neural circuits is believed to be tightly regulated. To the contrary, in this issue of Neuron, Bridi et al. (2020) reveal that inverse oscillations of synaptic inhibition and excitation lead to peaks and valleys in E-I balance across the 24 h day. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.035
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with symptoms including social deficits, anxiety, and communication difficulties. However, ASD pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. Mutations of CUL3, which encodes Cullin 3 (CUL3), a component of an E3 ligase complex, are thought of a...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.035
更新日期:2020-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Cued spatial attention differentially modulates alpha power in attended relative to non-attended brain representations, termed the alpha asymmetry. Yet a causal role for alpha in attention is debated. In this issue of Neuron, Bagherzadeh et al., (2019) utilize neurofeedback to train alpha asymmetry and causally impact...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.033
更新日期:2020-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal population responses can vary across trials as a result of differences in the relative timing of internal brain processes. In this issue of Neuron, Williams et al. (2020) present an algorithm for inferring and inverting such trial-to-trial differences, thereby revealing an a priori hidden, precise temporal st...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.010
更新日期:2020-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Transmembrane channel-like (TMC) 1 and 2 are required for the mechanotransduction of mouse inner ear hair cells and localize to the site of mechanotransduction in mouse hair cell stereocilia. However, it remains unclear whether TMC1 and TMC2 are indeed ion channels and whether they can sense mechanical force directly....
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.017
更新日期:2020-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive deficits, core features of mental illness, largely result from dysfunction of prefrontal networks. This dysfunction emerges during early development, before a detectable behavioral readout, yet the cellular elements controlling the abnormal maturation are still unknown. Here, we address this open question by...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.042
更新日期:2020-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibitory neurons, which play a critical role in decision-making models, are often simplified as a single pool of non-selective neurons lacking connection specificity. This assumption is supported by observations in the primary visual cortex: inhibitory neurons are broadly tuned in vivo and show non-specific connecti...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.045
更新日期:2020-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Humans can easily focus on one speaker in a multi-talker acoustic environment, but how different areas of the human auditory cortex (AC) represent the acoustic components of mixed speech is unknown. We obtained invasive recordings from the primary and nonprimary AC in neurosurgical patients as they listened to multi-t...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.007
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Social environment modulates learning through unknown mechanisms. Here, we report that a pheromone mixture that signals overcrowding inhibits C. elegans from learning to avoid pathogenic bacteria. We find that learning depends on the balanced signaling of two insulin-like peptides (ILPs), INS-16 and INS-4, which act r...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.006
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Secretion principles are conserved from yeast to humans, and many yeast orthologs have established roles in synaptic vesicle exocytosis in the mammalian brain. Surprisingly, SEC4 orthologs and their effectors, the exocyst, are dispensable for synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Here, we identify the SEC4 ortholog RAB3 and it...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.015
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) transform scant chemical inputs into significant neural signals. This transformation requires signal amplification. In this issue of Neuron, Ng et al. (2019) identified a mechanism by which the signals evoked by pheromones are amplified in the ORNs that selectively promote courtship b...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.021
更新日期:2019-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Homeostatic mechanisms stabilize neuronal activity in vivo, but whether this process gives rise to balanced network dynamics is unknown. Here, we continuously monitored the statistics of network spiking in visual cortical circuits in freely behaving rats for 9 days. Under control conditions in light and dark, networks...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.031
更新日期:2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::The nanoscale topographical arrangement of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) and synaptic vesicles (SVs) determines synaptic strength and plasticity, but whether distinct spatial distributions underpin diversity of synaptic function is unknown. We performed single bouton Ca2+ imaging, Ca2+ chelator competition, im...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.014
更新日期:2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Proper mRNA quality control prevents immune activation; when it goes awry, mice and flies develop abnormal behavioral phenotypes. In this issue of Neuron, Johnson et al. (2019) report that inhibiting nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) phenotypes by t...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.042
更新日期:2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::All sensory information is encoded in neural spike trains. It is unknown how the brain utilizes this neural code to drive behavior. Here, we unravel the decoding rules of the brain at the most elementary level by linking behavioral decisions to retinal output signals in a single-photon detection task. A transgenic mou...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.005
更新日期:2019-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Incoming stimuli are encoded collectively by populations of cortical neurons, which transmit information by using a neural code thought to be predominantly redundant. Redundant coding is widely believed to reflect a design choice whereby neurons with overlapping receptive fields sample environmental stimuli to convey ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.006
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Holz et al. (2019) show that the synaptic protein Homer1a switches mGluR5 signaling to increase AMPA receptor activity for the rapid antidepressant actions of sleep deprivation. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.003
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Memories are about the past, but they serve the future. Memory research often emphasizes the former aspect: focusing on the functions that re-constitute (re-member) experience and elucidating the various types of memories and their interrelations, timescales, and neural bases. Here we highlight the prospective nature ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.030
更新日期:2019-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroscientific findings are rarely translated into public policies that improve the health and well-being of people experiencing serious disorders. I advocate here for investment in policymaker-scientist networks dedicated to such translation for a range of diseases. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.016
更新日期:2019-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical regularities in the environment create prior beliefs that we rely on to optimize our behavior when sensory information is uncertain. Bayesian theory formalizes how prior beliefs can be leveraged and has had a major impact on models of perception, sensorimotor function, and cognition. However, it is not kno...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.06.012
更新日期:2019-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::The locus coeruleus (LC) supplies norepinephrine (NE) to the entire forebrain and regulates many fundamental brain functions. Studies in humans have suggested that strong LC activation might shift network connectivity to favor salience processing. To causally test this hypothesis, we use a mouse model to study the eff...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.034
更新日期:2019-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::How does the noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus act on target networks to regulate behavior? In this issue of Neuron, Zerbi et al. (2019) combine functional neuroimaging and pharmacogenetics in mice to tackle that question, uncovering a network action underlying stress. And providing insight for cognition? ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.033
更新日期:2019-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Innate defensive responses are essential for animal survival and are conserved across species. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) plays important roles in learned appetitive and aversive behaviors, but whether it plays a role in mediating or modulating innate defensive responses is currently unknown. We report that VTAG...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.027
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Deciding when to exploit what is already known and when to explore new possibilities is crucial for adapting to novel and dynamic environments. Using reinforcement-based decision making, Costa et al. (2019) in this issue of Neuron find that neurons in the amygdala and ventral-striatum differentially signal the benefit...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.021
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Selective synaptic and axonal degeneration are critical aspects of both brain development and neurodegenerative disease. Inhibition of caspase signaling in neurons is a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disease, but no neuron-specific modulators of caspase signaling have been described. Using a mass...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.030
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebellum is well appreciated to impart speed, smoothness, and precision to skilled movements such as reaching. How these functions are executed by the final output stage of the cerebellum, the cerebellar nuclei, remains unknown. Here, we identify a causal relationship between cerebellar output and mouse reach ki...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.007
更新日期:2019-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Oxytocin (OT) release by axonal terminals onto the central nucleus of the amygdala exerts anxiolysis. To investigate which subpopulation of OT neurons contributes to this effect, we developed a novel method: virus-delivered genetic activity-induced tagging of cell ensembles (vGATE). With the vGATE method, we identifie...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.029
更新日期:2019-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Successful visual navigation requires a sense of the geometry of the local environment. How do our brains extract this information from retinal images? Here we visually presented scenes with all possible combinations of five scene-bounding elements (left, right, and back walls; ceiling; floor) to human subjects during...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.014
更新日期:2019-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The debate over the nature of mechanisms leading to the establishment of synaptic specificity has engaged neuroscientists for the best part of a century. In this issue of Neuron, Balaskas et al. (2019) provide new evidence in favor of the role of positional strategies in the organization of sensory-motor circuits. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.046
更新日期:2019-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in LIP exhibit ramping trial-averaged responses during decision-making. Recent work sparked debate over whether single-trial LIP spike trains are better described by discrete "stepping" or continuous "ramping" dynamics. We extended latent dynamical spike train models and used Bayesian model comparison to addre...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.031
更新日期:2019-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::An impressive body of research over the past 30 years has implicated the human cerebellum in a broad range of functions, including motor control, perception, language, working memory, cognitive control, and social cognition. The relatively uniform anatomy and physiology of the cerebellar cortex has given rise to the i...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.021
更新日期:2019-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Nociceptive terminals possess the elements for detecting, transmitting, and modulating noxious signals, thus being pivotal for pain sensation. Despite this, a functional description of the transduction process by the terminals, in physiological conditions, has not been fully achieved. Here, we studied how nociceptive ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.03.005
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::The brain must make sense of external stimuli to generate relevant behavior. We used a combination of in vivo approaches to investigate how the cerebellum processes sensory-related information. We found that the inferior olive encodes contexts of sensory-associated external cues in a graded manner, apparent in the pre...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.03.010
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes release glutamate, which can modulate nearby synapses, but how this release is accomplished remains debated. In this issue of Neuron, Yang et al. (2019) show that the volume-regulated anion channel Swell1 in astrocytes mediates the release of glutamate and impacts synaptic transmission, learning and memory,...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.005
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Crerar et al. (2019) found Tp53inp2 as a highly expressed RNA in sympathetic neuron axons. Strikingly, its long 3' UTR ensures that Tp53inp2 is not translated in axons, and the untranslated RNA affects neuronal growth by interacting with neurotrophin receptors. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.019
更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Negative affective states affect quality of life for patients suffering from pain. These maladaptive emotional states can lead to involuntary opioid overdose and many neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Uncovering the mechanisms responsible for pain-induced negative affect is critical in addressing these comorbid outcomes...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.029
更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::The rich functional diversity of the nervous system is founded in the specific connectivity of the underlying neural circuitry. Neurons are often preprogrammed to respond to multiple axon guidance signals because they use sequential guideposts along their pathways, but this necessitates a strict spatiotemporal regulat...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.034
更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Although animal studies provided significant insights in understanding the neural basis of learning and adaptation, they often cannot dissociate between different learning mechanisms due to the lack of verbal communication. To overcome this limitation, we examined the mechanisms of learning and its limits in a human i...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.012
更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse vision is based on the parallel output of more than 30 functional types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Little is known about how representations of visual information change between retina and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, the main relay between retina and cortex. Here, we functional...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.01.040
更新日期:2019-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Among the diverse interneuron subtypes in the neocortex, chandelier cells (ChCs) are the only population that selectively innervate pyramidal neurons (PyNs) at their axon initial segment (AIS), the site of action potential initiation, allowing them to exert powerful control over PyN output. Yet, mechanisms underlying ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.009
更新日期:2019-04-17 00:00:00